Chilean scientists develop drought-tolerant watermelon varieties

Fruit production in Chile is increasingly being affected by water scarcity, with water-intensive crops like watermelon being among the most impacted. To address this, scientists at CEAF (Center for Advanced Studies in Fruit Growing) in the O’Higgins Region are developing drought-tolerant watermelon varieties through genetic improvement. Their key strategy involves grafting watermelon onto Lagenaria siceraria, a related species known for superior drought resistance.

Researchers have identified native Chilean ecotypes of this species that show strong water-use efficiency and low transpiration. These traits could help maintain watermelon yields under limited irrigation. The project, led by Dr. Guillermo Toro, has also uncovered adaptation mechanisms — such as root structures that reduce water loss and metabolic shifts under stress — developed in collaboration with researchers in Denmark and Spain.

This innovation has the potential to transform watermelon farming in water-restricted areas, offering a sustainable solution with lower dependence on irrigation and inputs. Field trials are now underway to test the approach in real-world conditions. The findings may also benefit other fruit crops facing similar climate challenges. CEAF’s work is supported by ANID, the O’Higgins regional government, and international partners.

source: seedworld.com

photo: thespruceeats.com